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Marmara ve Ege Denizi’ne yayılan müsilaj kâbusu geri döndü. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Sarı’nın açıklamalarının ardından konuya yeniden dikkat çeken WWF-Türkiye (Doğal Hayatı Koruma Vakfı) 3 yıldır, müsilajın sebeplerinden olan atık deşarjı ve kirlilik sorununun çözülmediğini vurguladı. Türkiye’nin denizlerini ele geçiren müsilaj probleminin bilim önderliğinde bütüncül bir yaklaşımla çözülmesi gerektiğini belirten vakıf, daha fazla geç olmadan 22 maddelik Marmara Denizi Eylem Planı’na uyulması için herkesi eyleme çağırdı.
Marmara Denizi, çevresinde yaşayan 25 milyon insanın, bölgedeki sanayi tesisleri ve tarımsal faaliyetlerin atık yükünü taşıyor. Bunun sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan müsilaj sorununun çözümü için 2021 yılında 22 maddeden oluşan Marmara Denizi Eylem Planı hazırlanmış ve Marmara Denizi’nin tamamı özel çevre koruma bölgesi ilan edilmişti. Ancak müsilajın en önemli sebeplerinden atık deşarjı ve kirlilik sorunu aradan geçen 3 yılda çözülemedi.
Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Öğretim Üyesi Prof. Dr. Mustafa Sarı da müsilajın Marmara Denizi’nde yayıldığına ve Ege Denizi’ne geçtiğine dikkat çekerek “Yer yer yüzeye çıksa da mevcut şartlarda 3-25 metre derinliklerde örümcek ağı gibi denizi saran müsilajın suların ısınmasıyla birlikte ilkbahardan itibaren yüzeye çıkma ihtimali oldukça yüksek. Deniz dibine çökmeye başlayan müsilaj, pinalar, deniz çayırları, süngerler ve mercanlar gibi canlı gruplarını tehdit etmeye başladığı gibi balıkçıların attıkları ağı çekemez hale gelmesine neden olmaya başlamıştır” dedi.
Tek çözüm, bir litre suyun bile arıtılmadan denize bırakılmaması Müsilaj, tek hücreli bitkisel mikroorganizmaların (fitoplankton) uygun ortam bulduklarında aşırı derecede artarak, denize salgılarını bırakmalarıyla oluşuyor. Deniz ortamındaki hayvansal besinleri içine hapseden müsilaj, hareket edemeyen midye, istridye, mercanlar gibi canlılar ile larvaların üzerine çökerek, deniz canlılarının beslenmesini ve solunumunu etkiliyor. Bu durum, biyolojik çeşitliliğin azalmasına sebep olmakla kalmıyor, çevre ve insan sağlığını da tehdit ediyor.
Prof. Dr. Mustafa Sarı’nın açıklamalarının ardından karar vericileri yeniden harekete çağıran WWF-Türkiye, her gün artan kirliliğin Marmara Denizi’ndeki yaşamı tehdit ettiğini vurgulayarak, Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesi ilan edilen Marmara’nın geleceğini kurtarmak için 3 yıl önce hazırlanan Marmara Denizi Eylem Planı’nın acilen uygulaması ve gerekli denetimlerin yapılmasını talep etti.
Marmara Denizi’nin maruz kaldığı çoklu baskıların bertaraf edilmesinin ardından, bir sonraki adım olan doğal müttefiklerin iş birliği yapması büyük önem taşıyor. Fitoplanktonla beslenirken deniz suyunu filtreleyen kara midye ve pina gibi türlerin yanı sıra, yaşam alanları olan deniz çayırlarının bilim temelli yaklaşımlarla korunması talep ediliyor. Ekosistem mühendisleri olarak hareket eden bu canlılar, atık yükü kesilirse Marmara Denizi’nin ekolojik işlevlerini kazanmasına ve iklim değişikliğine karşı dirençli hale gelmesine yardımcı olabilir.
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